Vision
To transform India’s surplus biomass into a reliable, scalable, and nationally significant clean energy resource, eliminating stubble burning and strengthening energy security through science, systems, and mission mode execution.
National Strategy Framework for Biomass Utilisation and Clean Energy Transition
Mission
To build an integrated, self sustaining biomass economy by professionalising supply chains, enabling modern pellet and torrefaction infrastructure, ensuring assured offtake, consumption, and catalysing State level convergence to permanently eliminate crop residue burning thereby contributing to Nations Clean Energy Transition and Environment action.
Strategic Goals (2025–2030)
• Eliminate open-field burning of agricultural residue in priority States through economically viable utilisation pathways.
• Deploy 20–25 million tonnes/year of biomass pellets and torrefied pellets for power and industrial use.
• Establish a national network of biomass clusters with modern processing units and assured industrial offtake.
• Create stable rural income pathways for farmers and local entrepreneurs.
• Reduce 60–70 million tonnes of CO₂ annually through coal substitution and avoided burning.
• Strengthen India’s energy security by replacing imported fossil fuels with indigenous biomass.
Strategic Pillars
Pillar 1: Feedstock Mobilisation & Rural Supply Chains
• District level biomass assessments
• Farmer engagement and aggregation models
• Village level preprocessing (hub and spoke)
• Digital traceability and quality assurance
Pillar 2: Processing Infrastructure & Technology
• Pelletisation and torrefaction clusters
• Master operator model for professional operations
• Standardised plant design, O&M, and quality protocols
• Indigenous R&D for advanced biomass technologies
Pillar 3: Market Development & Assured Offtake
• Long term procurement frameworks for power plants
• Industrial coal substitution pathways
• State level biomass utilisation mandates
• Price discovery and transparent contracting
Pillar 4: Policy, Regulation & Institutional Architecture
• National Biomass Utilisation Policy
• State Convergence Framework
• Incentives for pellet plants and rural entrepreneurs
• Governance mechanisms for mission mode execution
Pillar 5: Finance, Investment & Risk Mitigation
• Viability gap support for early stage clusters
• Credit guarantee mechanisms
• Working capital solutions for operators
• Risk sharing frameworks for offtake and feedstock
Pillar 6: Capacity Building & Partnerships
• Training for operators, entrepreneurs, and farmers
• Partnerships with PSUs, State agencies, and industry
• Collaboration with research institutions
• Knowledge dissemination and best practice models
Pillar 7: Monitoring, Feedback, and Course-Correction
• Outcome-based KPIs and milestones
• Independent evaluation and audits
• Pilot-to-scale learning loops
• Adaptive policy and program design
Guiding Principles
• Science based decision making
• Mission mode execution with clear accountability
• Farmer centric value creation
• Scalability and replicability across States
• Transparency, quality, and operational discipline
• National interest above commercial fragmentation
Theory of Change
Inputs: Biomass surplus, technology, policy support, CSPE institutional capacity
Activities: Cluster development, supply chain strengthening, assured offtake, training
Outputs: Pellet plants operational, biomass aggregated, coal substituted
Outcomes: Reduced burning, cleaner air, rural income, energy security
Impact: A resilient, low carbon, biomass driven energy ecosystem for India
Priority Interventions (2025–2027)
• Establish 100+ biomass clusters in high residue districts.
• Operationalise master operator networks for pellet plants.
• Implement State level biomass utilisation mandates beyond FY 2025–26.
• Create district biomass action plans with State convergence.
• Deploy digital biomass marketplace for transparent procurement.
• Facilitate long term offtake agreements with power and industrial units.
• Launch national training programme for biomass entrepreneurs and operators.
Institutional Architecture
• PMO led Steering Mechanism for mission oversight
• CSPE as the national execution platform
• State Biomass Missions for district level convergence
• Technical Advisory Group (R&D, standards, quality)
• Industry and PSU partnerships for offtake and technology
Enablers
• Policy clarity beyond FY 2025–26
• Financial instruments for working capital
• Digital monitoring and traceability
• Standardised quality norms for pellets
• Public–private partnerships for cluster development
KPIs and Success Metrics
• Tonnes of biomass utilised per year
• Reduction in open-field burning incidents
• Tonnes of coal substituted
• CO₂ emissions avoided
• Number of operational pellet/torrefaction units
• Farmer income generated
• Districts achieving “zero burning” status
Risk Framework
Key Risks
• Feedstock variability
• Price volatility
• Weak State level coordination
• Delayed offtake
• Financial constraints for operators
Mitigation
• Long term contracts
• State convergence mechanisms
• Price stabilisation frameworks
• Master operator model
• Working capital support instruments
Time Horizons
Short Term (0–12 months)
• Priority district clusters
• State convergence frameworks
• Assured offtake agreements
Medium Term (1–3 years)
• National pelletisation network
• Torrefaction scale up
• Digital biomass marketplace
Long Term (3–10 years)
• Integrated biomass economy
• Advanced biofuels integration
• Permanent elimination of stubble burning